Ni Ikihe Insobanuro Nkuru Y'Igikoresho Gihindura Ubushuhe C'Isahani Ishobora Gukurwako? Ni Ibihe Bice Nyamukuru Bigize?

Insobanuro y'igicuruzwa

Igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe c’amasahani gishobora gukurwako (GPHE) ni igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe gifise ubushobozi bwinshi-cakozwe gishingiye ku ngingo ngenderwako y’uguhindura ubushuhe mu buryo butaziguye. Igipfukisho caco gifise urutonde rw’ibipande vy’ivyuma vy’amabuye, ibipfukisho, ibipande bifasha, n’ibipfukisho. Amazi akanye n’ashushe aragendagenda mu migende iri hafi, kandi ugutanga ubushuhe biraheza bikarangizwa n’ubushuhe bwinshi bw’ivyo bipande vy’ivyuma. Muri ico gihe nyene, ivyo bihimba birashobora gusenyurwa kugira ngo bishobore gusukura, gutunganywa no guhindura imiterere. Ni kimwe mu bikoresho nyamukuru vyo gutunganya inguvu z’ubushuhe mu bikorwa vy’inganda n’ivy’abasivile.

I: Ivyuma bihindura ubushuhe vy’amasahani bishobora gukurwako ni ibikoresho bihindura ubushuhe bifise ubushobozi bwinshi-vyakozwe bishingiye ku ngingo ngenderwako y’uguhindura ubushuhe mu buryo butaziguye. Bitandukanijwe mu mihora yigenga y’ugutemba biciye ku bipande vy’ivyuma vy’amabuye, ivyo bikaba bituma amazi akanye n’ashushe atemba mu migende iri hafi y’aho, bigatuma ubushuhe bugenda bushitse. Ikindi, gucungera no gutunganya bishobora gushikwako mu gusenyura ibihimba.Ibihimba nyamukuru birimwo amabara y’ivyuma vy’amabuye y’agaciro, ibipfukisho vy’ivyuma, amasahani y’ugufatanya adahinduka, amasahani y’ugufatanya yimuka, inkoni ziyobora, amabuye y’ugufatanya, n’ibipfukisho vy’ugufatanya.

I: Ingingo ngenderwako y’ibikorwa ni iyi: amasahani arakingirwa kandi akarundanywa n’ibipfukisho kugira ngo abe imigwi ibiri y’imirongo y’amazi ihinduka kandi itandukanye. Ivyo bihimba bikonje n’ibishushe vyinjira mu mihora y’uruzi ihuye maze bigenda mu buryo bujanye n’umuriro canke co-umuriro. Ubushuhe burarungikwa neza bifashijwe n’ibipande vy’icuma bifise ubushobozi bwo gutwara ubushuhe bwinshi.Itandukaniro nyamukuru riri mu buryo bwo gukingira n’ukworohereza umuntu kubibungabunga-ubwoko bushobora gukurwako bukoresha ibipfukisho vy’ibipfukisho, bishobora gusenyurwa bitagoranye kugira ngo bisukurwe no kwongerako canke gukuraho ibipande; ubwoko buta-bushobora gukurwaho akenshi bukoresha ibikingira amabuye, naho bishobora guhangana n’ubushuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi, ntibishobora gusenyuka kugira ngo bishobore gutunganirizwa.

1. Ikibazo: Ugereranije n’ibikoresho vya kera vy’uguhindura ubushuhe vy’ibikoko n’ivy’imirongo, ni akamaro akahe k’ibikoresho vy’uguhindura ubushuhe vy’amasahani bishobora gukurwako mu bijanye n’ugutanga ubushuhe neza no gufata umwanya?

I: Ku bijanye n’ubushobozi bwo gutanga ubushuhe, imiterere y’isahani y’amabuye y’igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe c’isahani ishobora gukurwako ishobora gutuma haba umuvurungano ukomeye mu mazi ku mibare mike ya Reynolds, n’ubushobozi bwo gutanga ubushuhe 3-5 incuro z’ubwo bw’igikoko-kandi{{4}ubushuhe bushobora kuba burengeye ubwoko, igikoko-na-ubwoko bw'uruzitiro akenshi ni degre 5 ).Ku bijanye n’aho ifata ikibanza, uburebure bwayo bwo guhindura ubushuhe ku gipimo c’uburebure ni incuro 2-5 z’ubwoko bw’igikoko-n’-tube, kandi ikibanza cayo co hasi ni 1/5-1/8 gusa c’ubwoko bw’igikoko-n’-tube. Nta nkenerwa yo kubika umwanya wo gukuramwo umuzigo w’imirongo, kandi iyo nyubakwa irakomeye cane.

2.IKIBAZO: Ni mu buryo ubuhe bwihariye "ugutandukana" kw'igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe bw'amasahani ashobora gukurwako bugaragara? Ni agaciro akahe k’ugushira mu ngiro ico kintu kizana?

I: "Ugukuraho" bisigura ko ushobora kwimura igipande co gufatanya gishobora kwimuka mu kurekura gusa amabouti yo gufatanya, hanyuma ugakurayo igipande kugira ngo ugisukure, ugisuzume canke ugisubirize. Igipfukisho co gukingira gishobora kandi gukurwako kigashirwaho ukwaco (igipfukisho co gukingira -ni co gishobora gusubirwamwo). guhindura neza ahantu hahindurwa ubushuhe mu kwongera canke kugabanya amasahani kugira ngo bishobore kwakira amahinduka mu mice y’ibikorwa; n’ugusubirira umuntu ku giti ciwe ibihimba vyononekaye kugira ngo bigabanye amahera yo kubibungabunga be n’igihe co guhagarara.

3.Ikibazo: Ni ibihe bipimo vy’ibikoresho bihindura ubushuhe vy’amasahani bishobora gukurwako mu gihe bikora? Ni ibintu ibihe umuntu akwiye kwirinda igihe abikoresha?

I: Ivyo bishobora gushika ahanini bitatu: Ubwa mbere, kubera imipaka y’ibikoresho vy’ugupfuka, umuvuduko wo gukora muri rusangi nturenga 2.5MPa, kandi ubushuhe bwo hagati ntibukwiye kurenga 250 degrees ;Ica kabiri, imihora y’amazi hagati y’ibipande ni mike (2{{4}ge} asicled gusa larke and block them fibers;Ica gatatu, uruzitiro rurerure rw’ikidodo ruratera ingorane zimwe zimwe zo gusohoka. Ibintu vyo kwirindwa ni: ubushuhe bwinshi cane n’umuvuduko mwinshi cane, ibintu aho igikoresho gifise umubare munini w’ibihumanye canke intsinga, n’ibintu bishobora gutuma ubushuhe buringaniye bugira ingorane nyinshi kandi ata n’umwe yihanganira gusohoka.

Ikibazo: Ni ibihe bikorwa nyamukuru vy’uguhindura ubushuhe vy’igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe c’amasahani gishobora gukurwako? Ni ibihe bihe vy’ugutanga ubushuhe bibereye?

I: Ibikorwa nyamukuru vy’uguhindura ubushuhe birimwo ugushusha, gukonjesha, ugukonja, uguhinduka umwuka, no gusubiza ubushuhe buva mu myanda. Ni vyiza ku bihe bitandukanye vy’ugutanga ubushuhe.Nk’akarorero: uguhindura ubushuhe bw’amazi ashushe n’akanye mu bikoresho vyo gukonjesha umuyaga, kugenzura ubushuhe bw’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu guhingura ibifungurwa, gukonjesha no gukonjesha mu gutunganya ibifungurwa, gukonjesha amazi agendagenda mu bikoresho vy’amashanyarazi, no gusubira gukoresha no gusubira gukoresha amazi make {ste{2}grad.

Anyang Tengrui Ishirahamwe ry’Ibikoresho vyo Kuzigama Inguvu.

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