Nk’uburyo bwo guhindura ubushuhe hakoreshejwe amazi nk’ikintu gitwara ubushuhe, urugero rurafatanya bitagoranye gushika ku ruhande rw’imirongo y’uguhindura ubushuhe. Iyo gukuraho ibintu bitakorwa igihe kirekire, urugero rwakozwe ku ruhande rw’imirongo y’uguhindura ubushuhe ruzogenda rukomeye, rugatuma ubushuhe bugira ubushobozi bwo gutanga ubushuhe kandi bigatuma igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe gishobora kwonona. Ku bw’ivyo, igihe ukoreshaIgikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe,birakenewe ko umuntu ashobora gukuraho ibintu mu buryo busanzwe. None, ni uburyo ubuhe bwo gukuraho bukoreshwa cane?
Uburyo bwo gukora canke ubuhinga. Iyo amatiyo apfutse gatoyi kandi apfutse, arashobora gusukurwa hakoreshejwe uburyo bw’amaboko canke ubuhinga nk’ugucagura no gukaraba, bifatanijwe n’umuyaga w’ivyuma, amazi menshi ameza, n’umuriro wo gusukura. Iyo amatiyo apfutse cane canke akazibira burundu, hashobora gukoreshwa igipfukisho c’amazi (gizwi kandi nk’umuyoboro w’imiyoboro).
Hari uburyo bubiri bwo gusukura. Irya mbere ni uguca ibice, bikoreshwa cane mu gihe c’ugukora canke mu bihe bigufi vy’igihe co guhagarara. Ivyo bikoresho ntibikeneye gusenyuka, ariko umurongo wo guca mu nzira y’uguca mu nzira utegerezwa kuba warabaye imbere-. Ubwo buryo burakora neza cane iyo ugushiramwo ibintu bitari bikomeye. Ica kabiri ni kinini - indege y'amazi iriko irakura. Imitwe itandukanye y’amazi izunguruka ikoreshwa ku bikoresho bitandukanye vyo guhindura ubushuhe, haba mu buryo bukomeye canke bushobora guhinduka, hakaba hariho n’inguvu zishobora guhindurwa kuva kuri 10 MPa gushika kuri 200 MPa. Amajambo y’amazi ari hejuru cane arabereye gukuraho ibintu bihumanya hagati y’imiyoboro, mu miyoboro, no ku gipfukisho. High- Gukuraho amazi y'amazi y'ibikoresho bihindura ubushuhe birakora cane kandi birakoreshwa cane.
1. Gutegura imbere y’igihe (gusobanura ibiranga urugero n’ingene ibikoresho biri)
Gutora ivyerekanwa no gusesangura: Menya ibice nyamukuru biciye mu kugerageza mu laboratwari maze uhitemwo umuti wo gusukura.
Igenzura ry’imimerere y’ibikoresho: Suzuma nimba imirongo y’uguhindura ubushuhe ipfutse, ivuye canke izibiwe, ivyo bikaba bishobora gucirwa urubanza n’itandukaniro ry’igipimo c’umuvuduko;
Gutegura umugambi wo gusukura: Gutegura uburyo bwo gusukura bishingiye ku bisubizo vy’isesengura maze ugategura umugambi w’ivyihutirwa.
2. Uburyo bwo gusukura Core: gusukura imiti
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Ubwoko bw'urugero |
Abakozi bo gusukura |
Ibikoresho bishobora gukoreshwa |
Ukwirinda |
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Ibarabara ry'imodoka (uguharura abantu barenga 80%) |
Aside ya Hydrochlorique (5%-10% y’uburemere), aside ya cricric (8%-12%) |
Ivyuma vy’imodoka, ivyuma bitagira ibara |
Aside ya Hydrochlorique ikeneye kwongerwako n’umuti wo guhagarika (nk’iyitwa hexamethylenetmine) kugira ngo ntihagire uwusenyuka; aside y’aside y’umukara irabereye ku bikoresho vy’aside- ibikoresho. |
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Sulfate/Gusenyuka (ubukomezi) |
Aside y’isukari (10%-15%) + fluoride (axiliary) |
Ivyuma bitagira amababa, igikoresho c'umuringa |
Ivyiyumviro vy’ivyuma bitegerezwa gucungerwa cane ( Less kuruta canke ingana na 2%) kugira ngo umunzane wa silika ntukomeze . |
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Urugero ruvanze |
Igikoresho co gusukura (nk’aside y’amazi + aside y’amazi + y’umubiri + . |
Ivyuma vy’imodoka, ivyuma bitagira ibara |
Igerageza ritoyi rirakenewe kugira ngo hasuzumwe ubushobozi bwo gutera (ikigeragezo c’ivyuma: igipimo c’ugusenyuka Ivyiyumviro bitari canke bingana na 0.1mm/umwaka birashoboye) |
3.Gusukura ibintu (bishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo buyoroshe canke ibikoresho bifise ubushobozi bwo gukora)
Gusukura umubiri ntibisaba ibikoresho vy’imiti kandi birabereye ku bice aho urugero rureruye canke ikintu kitari aside- ishobora kuba. (Igisusu c'amazi kinini c'amazi, gusukura amazi y'ivyuma, no gusukura ultrasonic ni uburyo bwo guhitamwo)
4.Ukwemererwa inyuma yo gusukura no kurwanya - ingero
Kwemera ingaruka zo gusukura (ugusuzuma ivyiyumviro, ikigeragezo c'ibikorwa)
Imgero zirwanya -sscaling (kugabanya ugusubirana kw'urugero, gushiramwo igikoresho co kworosha amazi ku nzira y'amazi y'igice)
Gushiramwo amazi mu nzira y’amazi biterwa n’uko amazi mabi ameze nabi, ivyo bikaba bituma habaho urugero n’amazi, ivyo bikaba bituma haba ugutera imbere, imvura, n’ugufatanya. Uburyo bwo gukuraho imiti busaba gusuzuma no kugerageza ibintu vy’agaciro. Gutahura kamere y’ibintu vy’ugucapura bizofasha kumenya ikintu kibereye co gusukura. Gusukura alkaline muri rusangi bikoreshwa mu gupima sulfate n’ivyuma bita silicate, mu gihe hakoreshwa ubuhinga bwo gusukura aside ku rugero rwa karbonate. Ibarabara n’ugukama bishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe umuti wo gusukura ugizwe n’amazi y’umunyu, sodium carbonate, amazi yo gusukura, amazi yo gusukura amazi, silicate y’amazi, n’amazi mu rugero runaka.
Kugira ngo umuntu akureho urugero mu gikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe, uburyo butandukanye bwo gukuraho ubushuhe burashobora gukoreshwa. Uburyo bumwe bumwe bwo gutanga burafise ibiranga bitandukanye, ku buryo ushobora guhitamwo uburyo bwo gutanga bukwiye bushingiye ku kuntu ivyawe vyifashe. Ikindi kandi, igihe umuntu abungabunga no gukoresha igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe, uretse no gukuraho ubudasiba, hariho izindi ngingo zo gusanasana na zo nyene zirakenewe kugira ngo igipimo c’ukunanirwa kw’ivyo .igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhekandi n’ubuzima bwayo bwo gukora.