Ni gute wohitamwo igikoresho ciza co guhindura ubushuhe bw’isahani?

Ivyagezwe vy’ibikorwa ni vyo bikenewe cane kugira umuntu ahitemwo igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe bw’amasahani; ivyitegererezo vyose, ibikoresho, n’ibisobanuro bitegerezwa guhura neza na neza n’ingene bikoreshwa. Nta n’aho umuntu akwiye guhitamwo ikigereranyo ataco yiyumviriye ashingiye ku bumenyi gusa.Niwibande ku kwemeza amakuru ane y’ingenzi: Ubwa mbere, ubuhinga bwo guhindura ubushuhe ku mpande zompi zikonje n’izishushe-bigaragaza canecane nimba bigizwe n’amazi meza, ethylene ocorsilline glycol, al amazi, ivyuma canke ibindi bintu. Ivyuma bitandukanye biratandukanye cane mu bijanye n’ubushobozi bwavyo bwo gusenyuka, uburemere bwavyo, n’ubushobozi bwo gutera ivyatsi.Ica kabiri, ubushuhe bwo gukoresha ku nzira y’ivyo bikoresho yinjira n’aho isohoka, hamwe n’ubushuhe burengeye n’ubuke buhinduka buri mwaka; ica gatatu, umuvuduko w’ibikorwa vy’urwo rutonde n’umuvuduko w’isonga ry’aho nyene; n’ica kane, igitigiri nyaco c’uruja n’uruza rw’ibinyamakuru ku mpande zompi n’ugutemba kw’inguvu kwemerewe muri iyo sisitemu.Ni mu gusobanura neza kandi neza uko ibikorwa vyifashe gusa dushobora gukingira-ku isoko-ibibazo bikunze guhura n’imigambi yo gushora ibintu hanze, nk’uguhindura ubushuhe buhagije, gukoresha inguvu nyinshi cane, no gukora nabi kenshi.

Amasahani agize ibice nyamukuru vy’ubushuhe-vy’uguhindura ubushuhe bw’amasahani; ibikoresho vyavyo ni vyo bigena ata guca ku ruhande ubuzima bw’ico gikoresho be n’ukuntu kidashobora gusenyuka be n’ubushuhe bwinshi. Bishobora guhura n’ibintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu bihugu bitandukanye no mu turere two kw’isoko ry’isi yose.Ku bikorwa bisanzwe birimwo amazi asukuye, ugushushanya HVAC, n’uguhindura ubushuhe bw’amazi muri rusangi-uguhindura ubushuhe, 304 ivyuma bitagira ibara ni vyo vyiza guhitamwo; itanga igiciro ciza cane-ubushobozi, itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umugese n'ugukomera, kandi ihuye n'ibisabwa vy'ibibanza vyinshi vyo kubamwo n'ivy'inganda muri rusangi. a broader range of applicability.Ku bikorwa birimwo aside n’ibindi bikomeye mu bikorwa vy’ubuhinga bwa shimi, gukura umunyu mu mazi yo mu kiyaga, no mu bikoresho bishobora gutera umunyu mwinshi, hatoranywa amasahani ya titanium canke Hastelloy. Ivyo bikoresho birashobora guhangana n’ugusenyuka, ubushuhe bwinshi be n’imikazo myinshi, ivyo bikaba bituma bishobora gukoreshwa neza mu bihe bikomeye vyo mu bibanza vy’inganda vyihariye kandi bikakuraho neza ibibazo bijanye n’ugutobora kw’amasahani, ugusenyuka be n’ugusohoka kw’amazi.

Ivyuma bihindura ubushuhe vy'amasahani vyishingikiriza ku bipfukisho kugira ngo bimenyekane ko ikidodo kidashobora gusohoka-. Guhitamwo igipfukisho kitari co birashobora gutuma haba ibibazo nk’ugusesa amazi, uguhumana kw’umusaraba-, n’ugukura vuba canke gusaduka-ivyo vyose bikaba bitera ingorane ukudahungabana kw’ibikoresho igihe kirekire-. Ku bw’ivyo, ku bijanye n’ugugura amasoko ajabuka -imipaka, imbere y’ibindi vyose bikwiye guhabwa ibipfukisho vy’amazi bihuye cane n’ingene bikoreshwa kandi bifise ubushobozi budasanzwe. Ivyo bitanga ubushuhe bwo guhangana n'ubushuhe kuva kuri -20 degrees gushika kuri 120 degrees , bitanga igiciro ciza cane-ubushobozi n'ubuzima buramba. ivyo bitanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushuhe, ubushobozi bwo kurwanya-ugukura, n’ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibihe. Ku bikorwa vy’imiti birimwo ubushuhe bwinshi n’ibintu bikomeye bishobora gutera ubumara-canke ibikorwa vy’imiti birimwo ibikoresho vy’ubuhinga bwihariye-hitamwo ibipfukisho vya FKM (fluororubber); zishobora kwihanganira ubushuhe bushika kuri degre 200 , ziratanga ubushobozi budasanzwe bwo guhangana n’ugusenyuka gukomeye be n’ugukura, ivyo bikaba bituma zibereye cane gukoreshwa mu migambi isaba cane kandi y’agaciro kanini yoherezwa hanze.

Ubunini bw’uguhindura ubushuhe ni bwo bugena ata guca ku ruhande ubushobozi bw’ibikoresho bwo gutanga ubushuhe. Hashingiwe ku bisabwa vy’ukuri vy’ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushuhe n’itandukaniro ry’ubushuhe bw’ivyo bikoresho vyihariye ku mugambi, uburebure bwose bw’ubushuhe buraharurwa neza; hanyuma, uburebure bw’amasahani n’umubare w’amasahani biratorwa kugira ngo bihure n’ivyo bimenyetso.Ku migambi y’inganda y’urugero runini isaba urugero runini rw’amazi n’ubushobozi buhambaye bwo guhindura ubushuhe, amasahani manini-y’imiterere -afatanijwe n’umubare ukwiye w’amasahani ihuye n’ingingo mfatirwako zose zisabwa. Ku rundi ruhande, ku bikorwa bitobito- vy’ubuhinga bwa HVAC n’imigambi irimwo ibikoresho vy’inyongera bikomeye, ubunini bw’amasahani akomeye buratorwa kugira ngo ibikoresho ntibibe vyinshi cane kandi ntibikoreshe umwanya munini wo kubishiramwo. Mu gihe c’uguhitamwo, urugero rw’uguhindura ubushuhe rubereye rurabikwa kugira ngo umuntu yikingire ubukene bw’ibikorwa bushobora guterwa n’uguhinduka kw’ibikorwa vyo muri kazoza, gutyo haboneke ibikorwa vy’igihe kirekire-bishikamye bisabwa ku migambi y’ubudandaji mpuzamakungu.

Umutekano wo gukoresha ibikoresho ni wo uhambaye kuruta ibindi vyose; mu gihe c’uguhitamwo, ni ngombwa kugenzura umuvuduko w’ibikoresho n’ubushuhe bw’ibikoresho. Ni ibibujijwe cane guhitamwo ibikoresho bifise ibipimo vy’ubuhinga bigwa munsi y’ibipimo vy’imikorere nyavyo vy’urwo rutonde.Ivyiyumviro vy’uguhitamwo inganda ni ibi bikurikira: umukazo wo guhingura utegerezwa kuba nibura incuro 1,5 z’umuvuduko wo gukoresha urutonde rwo hejuru; ubushuhe bwo guhingura butegerezwa kurenga ubushuhe bwo gukoresha burengeye ubundi bwose bw’umwaka; kandi umutekano uhagije utegerezwa gutangwa.Bigabanya neza ingorane z’umutekano nk’uguhinduka kw’ibara ry’umubiri mu gihe umuntu akoresha umuvuduko munini, gukura kw’ubushuhe bwinshi, n’uguturika kw’idisiki; yubahiriza ingingo ngenderwako z’umutekano w’inganda zo mu bihugu bitandukanye; kandi igabanura ingorane zijanye n’ivyifuzo vy’inyuma y’ugurisha mu bucuruzi mpuzamakungu.

Ivyerekeye ibikorwa bitandukanye bisaba guhitamwo imiterere y’imirongo y’amasahani ihuye kugira ngo ubushuhe bube bwiza n’inguvu zikoreshwa mu gupompa. Ku mazi meza asanzwe n’ibikoresho bifise uburemere buke-, imirongo isanzwe iraremeshwa, itanga ubushobozi bwo gutanga ubushuhe bwinshi n’ugukoresha inguvu ziringaniye. Ku rundi ruhande, ku bimenyeshamakuru bifise ubuhumane, amazi mabi ashobora guhumanya, canke ibintu birimwo ubuhumane bwinshi, ibikoresho vy’uguhindura ubushuhe vy’imirongo yagutse bikwiye gutorwa kugira ngo ntibizibire imirongo, bigabanye incuro zihumanye, kandi bigabanye ibiciro vyo gusukura no gucungera ubuhumane. n’ugutemba kw’inguvu birenze urugero kwongera umuzigo w’ibikorwa vy’ipompa kandi bikaduza ingufu zikoreshwa mu kiringo kirekire-, mu gihe ugutemba kw’inguvu kudahagije bituma ubushuhe budakora neza. Turaringaniza ubushobozi bwo guhindura ubushuhe n’ugukoresha inguvu ku rugero rw’ivyo -bikenewe, gutyo tugashitsa ibisabwa vyo kuzigama no kugabanya ingufu z’abaguzi bacu bo kw’isi yose.

Ibibanza vyo gushiramwo n’ibidukikije bikoreshwa biratandukanye cane mu migambi itandukanye; rero, imiterere y’ico kigo ikwiye gutorwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa vyihariye. Ku bibazo birimwo ibibanza bipfutse canke amapaki y’imirongo y’ubuhinga buhuriweko, igikoresho co guhindura ubushuhe c’amasahani gikomeye kiraremeshwa, kuko gifise ikirenge gitoyi kandi kigatuma umuntu ashobora gushiramwo neza. gukoranya no gusenyura bibereye be n’ugusukura no gucungera mu buryo bworoshe. Ku bidukikije vy'ivyumba bisukuye mu bijanye n'ibifungurwa, imiti, n'ivyoherezwa hanze, hitamwo ibikoresho vy'ubushuhe vy'amasahani y'isuku -bifise umubumbe w'"no-dead-angle"; ivyo bikoresho bihuye n’ingingo mfatirwako mpuzamakungu zijanye n’isuku, biroroshe gusukura kandi ntibisiga amasigarira.

Gutanga amasoko y’ubudandaji mpuzamakungu birimwo kuraba kure y’igiciro c’ibikoresho gusa; ishimika cane ku buryo bw'ibicuruzwa, ivyemezo, no kujabuka-imipaka inyuma y'ugufasha-ugucuruza. Imbere y’ibindi, abahinguzi b’intango bafise ubushobozi bwo gushora ibintu hanze, ivyemezo mpuzamakungu (nk’ivya CE), n’ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu ku rugero runini-kumenya neza ko ubuhinga bukora neza, bugenzura neza uburyo, kandi ko ibikoresho bishobora kwemezwa ko ari vyiza. igenewe ubudandaji mpuzamakungu, ibishushanyo vy’uguhitamwo abahinga, inyandiko zo gusohora ibintu hanze, n’ubufasha bw’ubuhinga bwo mu mahanga inyuma y’ugucuruza. Ikindi kandi, gukurikirana gusanasana ibikoresho no gusubirira ibihimba vy’ibikoresho birabereye, bikaba bituma haba ubufatanye buhamye bw’igihe kirekire-buha ubushobozi abaguzi bacu bo kw’isi yose bwo gutera imbere cane amasoko yabo yo mu karere mu gihe bagabanya amatati yoshobora kubaho.